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PCB panel refers to multiple small PCB boards spliced together to form a large PCB panel. After the panel production is finished, the PCB panel will be cut into diverse small single boards.For smaller PCBs and PCBs of various shapes, you can use panelization to improve the production efficiency of printed circuit boards. It is suggested to use panelization technology for PCBs less than 50mm*50mm.PCB assembly panel refers to splicing PCB blank boards and mounting electronic components on the panels through SMT mounting equipment of the process.
Assembly panels and there are two main types in the SMT mounting process:
• Single-sided PCB panel
Single-sided PCB panels only be put on a single-design printed circuit board. This type of PCB panel is suitable for use on a single larger printed circuit board and small-batch PCB panel board assembly processes.
• Multi-connected PCB panels
Multi-connected PCB panels can lay two or more PCB boards of the same design. The number of PCB boards installed depends on the size of the PCB boards.
• Increase productivity
PCB panel boards reduce the number of board changes during the production process, thereby improving production efficiency. PCB panels can also achieve batch-automated production.
• Cut costs
Using PCB panels can reduce board waste and thus reduce production costs.
• Easy to assemble and test
Panelized PCB boards can be assembled and tested by automated equipment, reducing the difficulty and workload of assembly and testing.
• Diversify the design
PCB designers can design different PCB circuit diagrams through PCB panelization technology at the same time. In designing PCB prototypes, we used area division to arrange printed circuit boards to manufacture multiple PCB prototype circuit boards.
• Ensure product safety
PCB panel technology can protect printed circuit boards from mechanical stress, vibration, shock, and other factors during the panel board assembly.
• PCB panel requirement of Assembly
1. The minimum size of a PCB board is generally not less than 50mm*50mm, and the maximum size is not more than 310mm*410mm. 2. When designing the PCB frame, the border is designed as a closed loop to prevent the PCB panel deformation during SMT assembly. 3. There should be a space of more than 0.5mm between the electronic components and the edge of the PCB board. 4. Positioning holes should be added at the four corners of the panel edge, and the hole diameter can be 4mm±0.01mm. 5. Wiring or welding within 1mm of the edge positioning hole is not allowed. 6. When PCB panels are assembled, we should add the reference mark, usually located at the diagonal edge of the panel. 7. when adopting gapless paneling, the distance between the boards is 0. In addition, it is necessary to add process edges on both sides of the assembled board to fix the circuit board during SMT assembly and welding.
Our company's requirement for process edges is a minimum width of 3mm, and we generally use 5mm. 8. If there are gaps between the boards, the distance between the boards must be greater than or equal to 1.6mm.
9. If you adopt stamp holes for connection, you need to place 5 to 8 holes on the edge of the circuit board and place them in double rows. The hole diameter is required to be 0.6 mm. The distance between holes should be 0.25 to 0.35 mm. The stamp holes can be placed in the middle of the board frame line or extend to 1/3 of the board.
• Small circuit board size
Since many factories now have fully automated production, automated equipment has restrictions on the size of printed circuit boards. Cutting tools cannot be used when assembling small-sized circuit boards. In this case, it is necessary to create a large panel to facilitate circuit board assembly.
• Mass production
When you need to produce PCB boards in large quantities, splicing multiple boards into a large panel and, at the same time, assembling many boards can improve assembly efficiency, and save time and labor costs.
• Electronic components close to the edge of the board
If the electronic components are too close to the edge of the circuit board, many problems will occur during the PCB assembly process. For example, uneven solder paste printing, SMT assembly out of range, etc. So PCB panel board assembly is a safer processing method than single PCB assembly.If you have any of the above questions, you can contact us at HighqualityPCB. As a PCB assembly manufacturer, we have decades of rich PCB assembly experience and fully automated production equipment. We have invested heavily in introducing advanced foreign PCB production equipment, such as Berkeley laminators, Hitachi drills, Japanese screen automatic exposure machines, LDI, AOI, etc. These devices can avoid many problems in the production process. If you cooperate with us, you will get high-quality products and more quality services.
After the PCB panel design is completed, you can find a manufacturer to assemble the PCB panel. The PCB panel assembly process has the following steps:
• PCB panel manufacturing
PCB panel manufacturing uses photolithography. The photoresist is applied to the PCB panel and exposed to ultraviolet light through a photomask. The photoresist contains a chemical that hardens when exposed to ultraviolet light and then etches away the unwanted copper to create the desired circuit pattern.
• Solder Paste Printing
Place the PCB panel on a stainless steel plate, and evenly apply solder paste to the pads on the circuit board surface. Then the SPI machine detects the printing quality of the solder paste and whether there is any tin leakage or insufficient tin.
• SMT Assembly
The automatic placement machine places the surface mount components on the prepared PCB panel and then solders the BGA, IC, resistors, capacitors, and others to the PCB surface through the machine equipment.
• Reflow
The PCB panel is put into a reflow oven for heating, and the solder paste undergoes a process of melting at high temperature and cooling, fixing the electronic components on the board.
• PCB panel testing
After reflow soldering, the PCB panel will undergo testing, such as automatic optical inspection (AOI), X-ray inspection, in-circuit testing (ICT), etc, to detect whether the PCB circuit board capability and quality meet requirements.
• Scoreboard
PCB Scoreboard mainly includes V-shaped scribing, lug wiring, routing, laser Scoreboard, etc.
• Final inspection and packaging
The separated PCBs undergo a final visual inspection to ensure PCBs meet quality standards. They are packaged and shipped to customers.
Panelization is a critical step in PCB assembly. It can improve efficiency, reduce costs, and ensure consistent quality in mass production. It is necessary to cooperate with an experienced PCB manufacturer throughout the process.
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